Search results for " duality"

showing 10 items of 44 documents

Theoretical foundations and applications of the Loop-Tree Duality in Quantum Field Theories

2015

152 páginas. Tesis Doctoral del Departamento de Física Teórica, de la Universidad de Valencia y del Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC).

:FÍSICA [UNESCO]UNESCO::FÍSICAFísica TeóricaQCDLoop-Tree Duality (LTD)
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Introduction to General Duality Theory for Multi-Objective Optimization

1992

This is intended as a comprehensive introduction to the duality theory for vector optimization recently developed by C. Malivert and the present author [3]. It refers to arbitrarily given classes of mappings (dual elements) and extends the general duality theory proposed for scalar optimization by E. Balder, S. Kurcyusz and the present author [1] and P. Lindberg.

AlgebraMathematical optimizationVector optimizationStrong dualityWolfe dualityDuality (optimization)Multi-objective optimizationMathematicsScalar optimization
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The mechanically-based approach to 3D non-local linear elasticity theory: Long-range central interactions

2010

Abstract This paper presents the generalization to a three-dimensional (3D) case of a mechanically-based approach to non-local elasticity theory, recently proposed by the authors in a one-dimensional (1D) case. The proposed model assumes that the equilibrium of a volume element is attained by contact forces between adjacent elements and by long-range forces exerted by non-adjacent elements. Specifically, the long-range forces are modelled as central body forces depending on the relative displacement between the centroids of the volume elements, measured along the line connecting the centroids. Further, the long-range forces are assumed to be proportional to a proper, material-dependent, dis…

Body forceNon-local elasticityWAVESPROPAGATIONContact forceLattice modelsCentral forcesCentral forceVARIATIONAL-PRINCIPLESMaterials Science(all)Modelling and SimulationVariational formulationsGeneral Materials ScienceVirtual workPLASTICITYSTRAIN-GRADIENT ELASTICITYMathematicsPlane stressDISCRETECONTINUAMechanical EngineeringApplied MathematicsLinear elasticityElastic energySTRAIN-GRADIENT ELASTICITY; VARIATIONAL-PRINCIPLES; CRACK SUBJECT; PROPAGATION; PLASTICITY; DISCRETE; CONTINUA; DEFECTS; LATTICE; WAVESMechanicsDEFECTSCondensed Matter PhysicsLATTICELong-range interactionsClassical mechanicsContact mechanicsStatic–kinematic dualityMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniCRACK SUBJECTInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
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Extropy: Complementary Dual of Entropy

2015

This article provides a completion to theories of information based on entropy, resolving a longstanding question in its axiomatization as proposed by Shannon and pursued by Jaynes. We show that Shannon's entropy function has a complementary dual function which we call "extropy." The entropy and the extropy of a binary distribution are identical. However, the measure bifurcates into a pair of distinct measures for any quantity that is not merely an event indicator. As with entropy, the maximum extropy distribution is also the uniform distribution, and both measures are invariant with respect to permutations of their mass functions. However, they behave quite differently in their assessments…

Bregman divergenceFOS: Computer and information sciencesStatistics and ProbabilitySettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaKullback–Leibler divergenceComputer Science - Information TheoryGeneral MathematicsFOS: Physical sciencesBinary numberMathematics - Statistics TheoryStatistics Theory (math.ST)Kullback–Leibler divergenceBregman divergenceproper scoring rulesGini index of heterogeneityDifferential entropyBinary entropy functionFOS: MathematicsEntropy (information theory)Statistical physicsDual functionAxiomMathematicsdifferential and relative entropy/extropy Kullback- Leibler divergence Bregman divergence duality proper scoring rules Gini index of heterogeneity repeat rate.Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniDifferential and relative entropy/extropyInformation Theory (cs.IT)Probability (math.PR)repeat ratePhysics - Data Analysis Statistics and ProbabilitydualityStatistics Probability and UncertaintySettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaMathematics - ProbabilityData Analysis Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)Statistical Science
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The hidden group structure of quantum groups: strong duality, rigidity and preferred deformations

1994

A notion of well-behaved Hopf algebra is introduced; reflexivity (for strong duality) between Hopf algebras of Drinfeld-type and their duals, algebras of coefficients of compact semi-simple groups, is proved. A hidden classical group structure is clearly indicated for all generic models of quantum groups. Moyal-product-like deformations are naturally found for all FRT-models on coefficients andC∞-functions. Strong rigidity (H bi 2 ={0}) under deformations in the category of bialgebras is proved and consequences are deduced.

Classical groupPure mathematicsQuantum groupDeformation theoryLie groupStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsHopf algebra17B37Algebra81R50Compact groupMathematics::Quantum AlgebraStrong dualityDual polyhedron16W30Mathematical PhysicsMathematics
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On the duality between mechanistic learners and what it is they learn

1993

All previous work in inductive inference and theoretical machine learning has taken the perspective of looking for a learning algorithm that successfully learns a collection of functions. In this work, we consider the perspective of starting with a set of functions, and considering the collection of learning algorithms that are successful at learning the given functions. Some strong dualities are revealed.

Computer Science::Machine Learningbusiness.industryPerspective (graphical)Duality (mathematics)Multi-task learningInductive reasoningMachine learningcomputer.software_genreRecursive functionsStrong dualityArtificial intelligenceSet (psychology)businesscomputerMathematics
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New expressions for string loop amplitudes leading to an ultrasimple conception of string dynamics

1991

New expressions are derived for string loop amplitudes as overlap integrals of string wave functionals. They are shown to take the form of exchange terms coming from the Bose-Einstein symmetrization between string segments. One is thus led to the ultrasimple conception that string theory is basically free, and that ``string interactions'' are merely due to the fact that strings are composite objects with Bose-Einstein segments as constituents.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsFísicaString field theoryType I string theoryString theoryRelationship between string theory and quantum field theoryHigh Energy Physics::TheoryDomain wall (string theory)Non-critical string theoryClassical mechanicsSymmetrizationString dualityPhysical Review D
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Convex Duality in Stochastic Optimization and Mathematical Finance

2011

This paper proposes a general duality framework for the problem of minimizing a convex integral functional over a space of stochastic processes adapted to a given filtration. The framework unifies many well-known duality frameworks from operations research and mathematical finance. The unification allows the extension of some useful techniques from these two fields to a much wider class of problems. In particular, combining certain finite-dimensional techniques from convex analysis with measure theoretic techniques from mathematical finance, we are able to close the duality gap in some situations where traditional topological arguments fail.

Convex analysisMathematical optimizationDuality gapGeneral MathematicsConvex optimizationProper convex functionDuality (optimization)Strong dualityWolfe dualityPerturbation functionManagement Science and Operations ResearchComputer Science ApplicationsMathematicsMathematics of Operations Research
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Nodes of entangledN-particle wave functions

2006

In a recent paper [Bressanini et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 110201 (2005)] it was pointed out that ``the nodes of even simple wave functions are largely unexplored.'' Here we show that for $N$-particle wave functions nodal surfaces arise from the spin and orbital entanglement of constituent two-particle wave functions and derive, for two-electron atoms, 11 exact nodal rules applicable in $LS$ coupling. In addition, the ``higher symmetry'' identified numerically in the above paper is shown to be an approximate dynamical symmetry described by a molecular model or a classical unstable periodic orbit. We show that the analysis is readily extended to four-particle wave functions and consider the c…

CouplingPhysicsClassical mechanicsWave–particle dualityQuantum mechanicsElectronQuantum entanglementSpace (mathematics)Wave functionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSymmetry (physics)Spin-½Physical Review A
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Darcy–Forchheimer Magnetized Nanofluid flow along with Heating and Dissipation Effects over a Shrinking Exponential Sheet with Stability Analysis

2022

Nanoparticles have presented various hurdles to the scientific community during the past decade. The nanoparticles dispersed in diverse base fluids can alter the properties of fluid flow and heat transmission. In the current examination, a mathematical model for the 2D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Darcy–Forchheimer nanofluid flow across an exponentially contracting sheet is presented. In this mathematical model, the effects of viscous dissipation, joule heating, first-order velocity, and thermal slip conditions are also examined. Using similarity transformations, a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is converted into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The problem is …

Darcy–Forchheimer; nanofluid; viscous dissipation; joule heating; duality; stabilityControl and Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMicromachines
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